Understanding the Choice: Pfizer Versus Merck in the Fight Against COVID-19

Since the start of the global pandemic, the development and distribution of effective antiviral treatments have been a priority for numerous governments. The United States, in particular, has made significant commitments to purchasing both Pfizer and Merck's antiviral pills. Despite theoretical advantages in timing and initial filings, the U.S. has ultimately opted to purchase Pfizer's antiviral, a decision rooted deeply in scientific efficacy and patient safety. This article delves into the reasons behind this choice and the ongoing challenges in the certification process handled by the FDA.

Science-Driven Decision Making

The choice between Pfizer and Merck's antiviral pills is not driven by misleading business practices but rather by solid scientific evidence. According to clinical studies, Pfizer's antiviral demonstrates a far more impressive efficacy rate, especially in reducing hospitalization rates. Clinical trials indicate a remarkable 89% reduction in hospitalization with Pfizer's drug, as opposed to Merck's 50% reduction. Moreover, Pfizer's pill exhibits a more favorable safety profile, making it suitable for a broader spectrum of patients.

The initial filing for approval by Merck did occur before Pfizer's, but the FDA adopts a multi-faceted approach to drug approval. The FDA typically assigns separate teams for distinct reviews, which means that the efficacy of a drug is not the sole determining factor. While the FDA acknowledges the importance of early submission, prioritization of a drug review is often influenced by its overall efficacy and safety profile.

Government Contracts and Economic Interests

Both Merck and Pfizer have secured substantial contracts with the U.S. government to supply their respective antiviral treatments. Pfizer has secured a $2.8 billion contract for 10 million courses at $289 per course, while Merck received a $2.2 billion contract for 3 million courses at $730 per course. The choice of Pfizer over Merck, however, is largely driven by the quality of the product and its potential impact on public health.

It is worth noting that the U.S. has already placed orders for both treatments: 200 million doses of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine as well as antiviral pills, and it is also purchasing more Merck's antiviral pills. The government's commitment to these treatments underscores the importance of having a diverse and effective arsenal in the battle against the virus.

The FDA Certification Process

It's important to understand that the certification process of medications by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is not a fixed schedule. The drugs must undergo thorough investigation and rigorous data review. The FDA often faces delays, which can be attributed to various factors, including concerns about the drug's impact on fetal development in pregnant individuals. Without comprehensive data, a drug cannot receive certification.

The COVID-19 antiviral medications are no exception to this process. The FDA's stringent review is necessary to ensure that these treatments are both effective and safe for all intended users. The approval process involves multiple phases, including clinical trials, and can take considerable time to complete.

In conclusion, the U.S. commitment to purchase Pfizer's COVID-19 pills over Merck's is a result of a careful and science-driven decision-making process. This choice reflects the importance of efficacy and safety in the fight against the pandemic. While other factors like economic interests play a role, the primary focus remains on saving lives and protecting public health.