Understanding the Difference Between a Research Problem and a Research Issue

Introduction

When engaging in research, it is crucial to distinguish between a research topic and the research problem. A research topic is a succinct summary of the research elements, while a problem statement explains the necessity for the study and is embodied within the topic. The research problem, in particular, is a more specific focus that drives the research program. Understanding the nuances between these terms is essential for both students and professionals in conducting effective research.

Research Topic: A Synopsis of the Research Elements

A research topic acts as a concise synthesis of the research elements. It provides a clear and concise overview of what the research aims to explore. For instance, the topic 'Examining the Relationships Between Mask Types, Filtration Level, and COVID-19 Infection: A Quantitative Correlational Study' succinctly summarizes the aim of the study.

Research Problem: Justification for Study

In contrast, the research problem is a subset of the larger topic and focuses on the specific necessity for the study. It explains the gap in the current knowledge and why the research is necessary. The problem statement for the aforementioned topic could be as follows: "COVID-19 has infected 36M people worldwide, resulting in over 1 million deaths. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the ability of various mask types and filtration levels to prevent infection."

Examples and Context

Let's delve into another example of a research topic and the corresponding research problem.

Research Topic: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health Among Adolescents: A Qualitative Study Research Problem: Despite the widespread use of social media, the long-term effects on the mental health of adolescents remain understudied and underreported. This research aims to explore and quantify these effects.

Dissertation and Research Topic Selection

For those navigating the process of selecting a research topic, the following resources can be highly beneficial:

Dissertation Topic Selection: A Critical Choice Toward Doctoral Success or Failure Lawrence Ness's answer to How do I find a good research topic for my paper Lawrence Ness's answer to What is an academic feasible problem statement Lawrence Ness's answer to I have a topic in mind for research but don’t know how to select a research problem. Can anyone help Lawrence Ness's answer to Why is the “problem” the heart of the research process

What is a Research Problem?

A research problem is the focus of the research program—the reason a piece of research is being done. It is the driving force behind the study, highlighting the necessity and the specific gap it aims to address. For example, in the topic 'Examining the Relationships Between Mask Types, Filtration Level, and COVID-19 Infection: A Quantitative Correlational Study', the research problem is the gap in the literature regarding the effectiveness of various masks and filtration levels in preventing infection.

What is a Research Issue?

On the other hand, a research issue refers to uncertainties or methodological challenges that might arise during the research process. These issues could encompass factors like the sample selection, data collection methods, or ethical concerns. For instance, if subjects were not randomly selected or were not matched properly, this would be considered a research issue. Adjusting these issues could influence the validity and reliability of the research findings.

Conclusion

Understanding the difference between a research problem and a research issue is fundamental to the success of any research project. The research problem is the specific focus that drives the study, while research issues highlight potential challenges that may arise during the research process. Being mindful of these distinctions can significantly enhance the quality and impact of your research.