The Truth Behind Big Oil and Electric Car Technology in the 1960s
One of the most persistent and intriguing debates in automotive history is the notion that big oil companies suppressed the development of electric car technology in the 1960s. While this narrative has gained popularity over the years, a closer look at the historical context and technological advancements reveals a more nuanced picture. This article examines the key points surrounding this debate, shedding light on the complexity of the issue.
Historical Context
In the early 1900s, electric vehicles (EVs) were indeed popular, particularly in urban areas. However, by the 1920s, gasoline-powered cars began to dominate automotive markets due to the advancements made in internal combustion engine technology and the establishment of a widespread gasoline infrastructure. The shift towards gasoline vehicles was not just a result of technological improvements but also market forces and consumer preferences.
1960s Developments
The 1960s saw limited interest in electric vehicles due to the technological limitations and the dominance of gasoline vehicles. While there were some experimental models and research efforts, the technology was not advanced enough to compete with gasoline vehicles in terms of range and performance. It is important to note that during this period, the primary focus on oil and gas infrastructure was driven by market demand and the economic viability of gasoline vehicles.
Oil Industry Influence
The oil industry has historically played a significant role in transportation policies and infrastructure. Some argue that this influence extended to discouraging the development of alternatives like electric vehicles. However, concrete evidence of a coordinated effort to suppress EV technology during the 1960s is lacking. This narrative is more complex than a simple story of big oil companies suppressing electric cars. It involves multiple factors beyond just the influence of the oil industry.
Technological Advancements and Green Innovators
The notion that big oil companies suppressed electric car technology in the 1960s is not solely based on historical context. Experts like Thomas Edison, an ardent environmentalist and innovator, spent significant time and resources developing battery technologies. His home was powered by a wind turbine and batteries until he was over 70 years old, and he dedicated the last 20 years of his life to finding a better battery chemistry to end dependence on oil. Edison's work underscores the complex role of individual innovators and the long history of battery and EV technology development.
While battery technology faced significant challenges, it is important to recognize that it is not a new concept. The demand for high-energy density batteries has been present for decades, especially in electronics and military applications. For instance, military demand for portable radio applications has been a persistent driver for battery research and development.
The Simplicity of Electric Cars
Another misconception is that electric vehicles are overly complex. In reality, EVs can be surprisingly simple, especially in industrial applications. The author, who works in a warehouse, has witnessed the use of over 100 electric forklifts that are more than 20 years old. Similar machines were in use in indoor applications back in the 1960s. This evidence suggests that the technological feasibility of EVs was not a barrier during the 1960s.
Modern Resurgence
The modern resurgence of electric vehicles (EVs) in the 21st century is driven by environmental concerns, advancements in battery technology, and government incentives. This resurgence has led to new players in the EV market as well as renewed interest from traditional automakers. The demand for high-energy density batteries has only grown over the years, driven by the technological demands of various industries.
While the oil industry's dominance did impact the development of alternative technologies, the narrative of a systematic suppression of electric vehicles in the 1960s is more complex. It involves a combination of historical, technological, and market forces.
In conclusion, the debate surrounding the suppression of electric car technology by big oil companies in the 1960s is more nuanced than often portrayed. While the oil industry played a role, it was not a singular or systematic effort. The history of battery and EV technology development is a multi-factorial story involving individual innovators, technological advancements, and market forces.