Jefferson Davis' Response to Lincoln’s Assassination: A Closer Look

Overview

The question of how Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America, reacted to the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln has been a subject of much debate, especially on platforms like Quora. Despite the myriad of interpretations and theories, historical records and contemporary insights provide a clearer picture of Davis' response.

Rejection of Involvement

Much of what we can say about Davis' reaction is based on his own writings and statements. In his monumental work, 'The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government,' Davis unequivocally denies any involvement in the assassination. Although he did not join others in mourning Lincoln, he noted that Vice President Andrew Johnson would have preferred Lincoln over him as a successor. This indicates a possible reluctance towards the idea of a different President coming to power after Lincoln.

Jefferson Davis was known for his noble character and integrity. He reportedly once stated, “If it were to be done, it were better it were well done,” suggesting a belief in the importance of preserving the Confederacy’s legacy or at least ensuring that its efforts were not in vain. This quote reflects the complexity of Davis' personal and political motivations during this turbulent time.

Assassination and Personal Reactions

Jefferson Davis' reaction to the news of Lincoln's death was one of sadness and horror. He reportedly felt that Lincoln endured a painful and agonizing death, which Davis personally did not wish on anyone. This empathetic side of Davis is often overlooked in discussions about his character during the Civil War era.

Some contemporary sources suggest that Davis initially thought that the assassination presaged his return to power. Varina Davis, his wife, later popularized several myths surrounding Davis' response. These myths included the notion that Davis had discussed several plots, such as kidnapping Lincoln, spreading disease, and arson. However, it is argued that Davis' Vice President believed he had "gone around the bend," suggesting that these beliefs were somewhat groundless.

Pre-Assassination Plans and Intentions

Although Davis vehemently denied any involvement in the plot to assassinate Lincoln, historical records reveal his own complicity in similar clandestine operations. For instance, secret agents working for the Confederacy were known to communicate with Davis and other Confederate leaders. One agent asked for permission to assassinate Lincoln, but was forbidden by Davis, who strictly adhered to the USA's laws of war.

However, this stance changed in 1864 when Union Colonel John A. Dahlgren led a raid against Richmond, resulting in the death of several Confederate officials. Papers found on Dahlgren’s body revealed instructions from Stanton to kill Davis and his cabinet, a revelation that led Davis to sanction a kidnapping attempt. Although this plan was ultimately unsuccessful, it underscores the fluidity of Davis' beliefs and actions during the war.

Consequences and Legacy

The assassination took place against a backdrop of deep sectional divisions and anger in the South. According to some reports, some in the Southern leadership may have expressed a sense of relief or vindication at Lincoln's death. The Confederacy, with Davis at its helm, was in a precarious position, and the death of Lincoln could be seen as a blow to the Union's prestige and power.

However, by 1865, after Lincoln's death, Davis was already in a state of political exile, having fled Richmond in disguise and even sending out telegrams that were seen as delusional. This further damaged his standing among his peers and in the eyes of the public.

Ultimately, Jefferson Davis' position on Lincoln's assassination is a reflection of the complex interpersonal and political dynamics of the Civil War era. While he may have personally disliked Lincoln's policies, his actions and statements provide a nuanced understanding of his character and the political landscape of the time.

The legacy of Jefferson Davis continues to fascinate historians and the general public. By understanding his response to Lincoln's assassination, we gain a deeper insight into the Confederate leadership's mindset and the personal and political motivations that drove the Confederate government during the most trying times of the Civil War.