Is the MiG-35 the Best Choice for IAF's MMRCA 2.0 Deal? A Comprehensive Analysis

As the Indian Air Force (IAF) evaluates the best contender for its Multi-Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) 2.0 deal, the MiG-35 has been a topic of considerable debate. While some argue that the MiG-35 is not the perfect fit, a detailed analysis reveals that with the right customization, the MiG-35 can indeed be a strong contender. This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of the MiG-35's suitability and the potential benefits of customizing it to meet the IAF's requirements.

Overview

The MiG-35, a capable fighter aircraft, holds a promising position in the IAF's MRCA 2.0 shortlist. However, one significant drawback is the potential issue with the supply of spare parts after the initial supply of the MiG-35. This has historically deterred India from opting for Russian aircraft, despite the strong diplomatic and strategic relationship between India and Russia.

India-Russia Strategic Partnership

India and Russia are indeed very close allies, and it is unlikely that the current friendly relations will change. As a fellow Indian, the author has a deep appreciation for Russia. However, it is imperative to evaluate the MiG-35 based on its technical and financial feasibility.

Why Customization is Crucial

The term 'suitable' is not just a passive descriptor; it reflects the need for a highly customized solution. The MiG-35, while a capable aircraft, may not be the best fit out-of-the-box. Customization is key to ensuring that the aircraft aligns with the IAF's specific requirements. This includes modernizing its avionics, weaponry, and thrust vector engine, as well as cost-efficiency measures.

Cost and Financial Considerations

One of the primary concerns in the MRCA 2.0 deal is the financial aspect. Current estimates indicate that all contender aircraft, including the MiG-35, will cost more than the IAF's tentative budget of 15 billion, inclusive of all bells and whistles. By choosing a customized MiG-35 with a thrust vector engine and advanced avionics, the IAF can save approximately 5 billion, allowing for more strategic use of the funds.

This saved amount can be directed towards:

Renovating and enhancing the production capacity of Tejas jets, aiming for an annual production rate of 24 jets per year. This could either be achieved through indigenous manufacturing or by consulting global players such as Dassault or Saab. Co-developing a modular, scalable jet engine either new or based on the Kaveri engine through a global tender.

Flyaway Condition

To further reduce costs, the author advocates for ordering the MiG-35 in a flyaway condition. This approach eliminates the need for unnecessary tooling setup in India, considering the current state of defense manufacturing. Additionally, the MiG-35's basic design philosophy is considered in need of modernization, making it suboptimal for immediate deployment.

Further support for this approach comes from the fact that the Integrated Helicopter Manufacturing Company (HAL) is currently not a reliable partner for large-scale projects, as seen with the MiG-21 and Sukhoi Su-30 projects. Therefore, ordering the MiG-35 in a flyaway condition would be a win-win situation for both India and Russia.

Performance-Based Logistics

Ensuring the availability rate of the MiG-35 at a predetermined level, such as 70-75 percent, akin to the Rafale deal where the IAF set a 75 percent availability rate, is crucial. This would involve a performance-based logistics approach, ensuring optimal performance and maintenance of the aircraft.

Customization of Avionics and Weaponry

The author emphasizes the importance of customizing the MiG-35's avionics and weaponry, considering them inferior to Western counterparts. Customizing these systems would ensure they meet the IAF's specific needs and include Indian sub-components for cost-effectiveness and control. This could either involve the MBDA-Thales European combo or the Rafael-Elta Israeli combo, with the latter being preferred due to its greater integration potential.

In conclusion, while the MiG-35 may not be the perfect fit out-of-the-box, with the right customization, it can become a highly viable contender for the IAF's MRCA 2.0 deal. The savings achieved through customization would allow for further advancements in India's defense capabilities.

Note:

It is understood that the Rafale, the final choice under MRCA 2.0, will cost less than the earlier concluded deal and that it is superior in performance as compared to a well-customized MiG-35. However, with the right strategy and customization, the MiG-35 can offer a compelling alternative.