Guide for International Students on Obtaining a Social Security Number

For international students with F-1 status, obtaining a Social Security Number (SSN) can be a nuanced and often confusing part of their stay in the United States. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the process and essential requirements to help you navigate through the steps required to acquire your SSN.

Eligibility and Requirements

F-1 students are eligible to work in the United States under specific circumstances. The primary form of employment for F-1 students is on-campus employment. Any off-campus employment, including Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT), requires additional authorization from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

The following circumstances allow F-1 students to apply for an SSN:

On-Campus Employment (including fellowships and graduate assistantships): CPT (Curricular Practical Training): Requires an I-20 with CPT authorization. OPT (Optional Practical Training): Requires an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) card. Economic Hardship: Requires an EAD card.

The Application Process

The process of obtaining an SSN for F-1 students involves several key steps:

Securing On-Campus Employment: Notifying Your University: Obtaining Necessary Documentation: Applying for the SSN: Verification with Social Security Administration:

Step 1: Securing On-Campus Employment

To be eligible for an SSN, you must obtain on-campus employment. This can include positions such as a research assistant, teaching assistant, or any other on-campus job authorized by your university.

Step 2: Notifying Your University

Once you have secured a position, it is crucial to inform your university's International Student Services (ISS) office. They will provide you with an important document that you will need to bring to the Social Security office.

Step 3: Obtaining Necessary Documentation

For the final step, you will need to gather the following documents:

Updated and endorsed Form I-20 (Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status). Passport. I-94 card or a copy of your F-1 admission stamp in your passport and a printout of your electronic I-94 information. EAD card (if applicable). Form SS-5 (Application for a Social Security Card).

Step 4: Applying for the SSN

You can apply for your SSN in person at a local Social Security Administration (SSA) office. The SSA will require your original or certified copies of the documents mentioned above.

Step 5: Verification with Social Security Administration

The SSA will also verify your immigration documents and status with Immigration prior to issuing your SSN.

Conclusion

While the process of obtaining an SSN can be complex, understanding the specific requirements and steps involved can help simplify the process. It is essential to consult your university's International Student Services office for personalized advice and guidance. Good luck with your application process!

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