Connecting Coaxial Cables Without Connectors: Revisiting Twisting vs. Proper Techniques

When working with coaxial cables, it's generally recommended to use proper connectors to ensure reliable and high-quality connections. However, there might be instances when you need to connect two coaxial cables without connectors, either for temporary setups or due to unforeseen circumstances. In such scenarios, simply twisting the cables together may seem like a quick solution. This article explores why twisting is not ideal, and suggests better methods for connecting coaxial cables.

Why Twisting is Not Recommended

Twisting coaxial cables directly to connect them is a common misconception and a technique that should be avoided for several reasons:

Signal Loss

Twisting the cables can lead to significant signal loss. The separation and misalignment of the inner conductors and shielding can disrupt the transmission of signals, leading to degraded performance.

Interference

A twisted connection may not provide a secure electrical path, making it more susceptible to picking up electromagnetic interference. This can result in a poor-quality signal and potential system crashes.

Physical Stability

Physically, a twisted connection is not as stable as a properly joined one. It can break easily, especially under stress or movement, leading to intermittent connections and potential damage.

Better Methods to Connect Coaxial Cables

There are alternative methods that can provide a more reliable and stable connection without compromising signal quality:

Direct Splicing

Step 1: Strip the Cable - Use a coaxial cable stripper to carefully remove about one inch of the outer insulation from both cables. Ensure you do not damage the inner conductor during this process.

Step 2: Prepare the Wires - Expose the inner conductor (the central wire) and the shielding (the braided wire).

Step 3: Twist the Inner Conductors - Twist the inner conductors of both cables together tightly to create a solid electrical connection.

Step 4: Connect the Shielding - Twist the shielding from both cables together. Optionally, use electrical tape to secure this connection.

Step 5: Insulate - Use electrical tape to cover the exposed connections to prevent short circuits and reduce interference.

Using a Coupler

The best method for a clean and secure connection is to use a coaxial coupler. This ensures that the signal quality remains high and consistent, with minimal interference and loss.

Conclusion

While twisting coaxial cables together can be a temporary fix, it is not advisable for long-term use due to potential signal loss and interference. For frequent or critical connections, investing in proper connectors or couplers is highly recommended.

For those seeking a quick fix without a connector, it is possible to achieve a temporary connection by following advanced techniques such as stripping, twisting, and soldering. However, this approach may still result in an impedance mismatch, leading to signal loss and noise. The effectiveness of this method depends on the neatness of the job and how well the dimensions are matched to maintain continuous impedance.