Christians in Kerala and Their Pork Consumption Habits
Introduction to Pork Consumption Among Christians in Kerala
It is important to note that there are Christians in Kerala who consume pork, predominantly from the Catholic denomination. However, it is equally important to highlight that not all Christians in Kerala refrain from eating pork. The consumption of pork varies among different Christian denominations and their adherence to religious practices and traditions.
Religious and Cultural Context
The tradition of eating pork among certain Christians in Kerala is deeply rooted in their local culture and the influence of Portuguese traders who arrived in the 16th century. This period saw significant changes in the religious and cultural landscape of the region, including the introduction of new food cultures.
Influence of Portuguese and Modern Practices
The arrival of the Portuguese had a profound impact on the cuisine of Kerala, particularly in areas like Angamaly and Kothamangalam, which are known for their pork businesses. Malayalam films such as 'Angamaly Diaries' have brought attention to the pork trade in these areas, highlighting the economic significance of this delicacy.
Scriptural Versus Traditional Practices
Despite the popularity of pork among some Christian communities in Kerala, it is crucial to understand that the teachings of Jesus Christ emphasize adherence to the Old Testament laws, such as keeping the Law and the Prophets (Matthew 5:17-19, Luke 11:28, Matthew 19:17-19). Jesus taught against the traditions of the elders that nullified the word of God (Matthew 15:1-9, Mark 7:1-23).
Historical Background
The Saint Thomas Christians, before the arrival of the Portuguese, did not eat pork. This changed in 1599 during the Synod of Diamper, where a feast was held with pork as part of the delicacies. This was seen as a significant shift in their religious practices.
Cultural Shift and Division
Following this event, the Malankara Moopan (head of the Saint Thomas Christians) and other community leaders were upset. A kattanar (clergyman) wore his kassok (a traditional garment worn by clergy) upside down to protest this change. This action symbolized the opposition to the traditions brought by the Portuguese. Later, in 1653, the oath of the Koonen Cross led to a significant division in the Saint Thomas Christian community, with some becoming the Pazhaya Kootukar (Old Faith) and others the Puthenkootukar (New Faith).
Pork Consumption Among Different Christian Denominations in Kerala
The habits of consuming pork vary among different Christian denominations in Kerala. Generally, the Puthenkootukar, who are predominantly Syro-Malabar Catholics, Anglicans, and Latin Christians, are more inclined to enjoy pork dishes. In areas like Ankamali, Kothamangalam, and Idukki District, pork is a common delicacy, often featured in traditional dishes and marriages.
Syriac Orthodox Christians and Pork
On the other hand, the Patriarchal Catholicate Malayalam Syro-Malabar and Thozhiyoor Syrian Christians, who are part of the Puthenkootukar group, are less inclined to consume pork. Pork does not figure prominently in their marriage feasts or other social gatherings, except in certain areas like Ankamali.
Conclusion
The consumption of pork among Christians in Kerala reflects a complex interplay of religious, cultural, and historical influences. Understanding these nuances is vital for appreciating the diverse and rich cultural tapestry of the region. Through this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of pork consumption habits among Christians in Kerala and explore the religious and historical context behind these practices.
Keywords: Christianity in Kerala, Pork Eating Habits, Kerala Christian Traditions