Calculating Profit Using Cost Price and Selling Price

Understanding the Relationship Between Cost Price, Selling Price, and Profit

In the business world, the concepts of cost price, selling price, and profit are crucial for determining the financial health and profitability of any transaction. This article delves into the mathematical calculations involved in finding the profit percentage based on the cost price and selling price, using a common example for clarity.

Example and Formula

The cost price (CP) of an article is given to be 5/8 of its selling price (SP). To find the profit percentage, we use the formula:

Profit Percentage (SP - CP) / CP × 100

Given:
CP 5/8 SP
Profit SP - CP
Profit% [SP - CP / CP] × 100

Let's break it down step by step:

Step-by-Step Calculation

Given:
CP 5/8 SP

To find the Profit:
Profit SP - CP

Substituting CP in the formula:
Profit SP - (5/8 SP)

Simplify the equation:
Profit (8/8 SP) - (5/8 SP)
Profit 3/8 SP

Now to find the profit percentage:

Profit% (3/8 SP) / (5/8 SP) × 100

Simplify further:

Profit% (3/8) ÷ (5/8) × 100
Profit% (3/8) × (8/5) × 100
Profit% (3/5) × 100
Profit% 60

Therefore, the profit percentage is 60%.

Alternative Method: Calculating Profit on Sale Price

Alternatively, we can calculate the profit on the selling price directly:

Profit SP - (5/8 SP)

Which simplifies to:

Profit 3/8 SP

For a 100% selling price (SP 1):
CP 5/8
Profit 1 - (5/8)
Profit 3/8

Profit% (3/8) ÷ (5/8) × 100 (3/5) × 100 60

The same profit percentage of 60% is obtained, confirming the accuracy of our calculations.

Conclusion

Understanding how to calculate profit using cost price and selling price is fundamental in the business world. In the example provided, we see that a 5/8 cost price relative to the selling price results in a 60% profit. This calculation is always based on the cost price, which directly reflects the initial investment made in acquiring the product for resale.

By mastering these calculations, you can better manage your financials, improve profitability, and make informed decisions in your business operations.

Key Takeaways

Profit is calculated based on the cost price. A 5/8 cost price relative to the selling price results in a 60% profit. Profit can be calculated both on cost price and on sales.